Which pathogen is a common cause of waterborne illnesses?

E. coli is a common cause of waterborne illnesses and is well-documented in public health literature. This bacterium is often found in the intestines of healthy humans and animals, and certain strains, particularly E. coli O157:H7, are pathogenic. Water can become contaminated with E. coli through fecal matter from livestock, wildlife, or human sources. Consumption of contaminated water can lead to gastrointestinal diseases, including severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting.

The prominence of E. coli in discussions about waterborne pathogens is due to its direct correlation with water quality and public health concerns. Regulatory agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), monitor water sources for this pathogen to ensure safe drinking water standards. E. coli's resilience and ability to survive in various environmental conditions further underline its significance as a common contaminant in water supplies.

In contrast, although other pathogens listed may pose health risks, they are not typically associated with waterborne transmission in the same manner as E. coli. Streptococcus can be found in various environments, but its transmission routes are more often associated with direct contact rather than through drinking water. Influenza and herpes viruses are primarily spread through respiratory droplets and direct contact, not through water sources. Hence